Gen Mladic is accused of orchestrating the killings of more than 7,000 Bosnian Muslim boys and men in the town.
The 70-year-old faces 11 charges, including genocide, in connection with the brutal 1992-95 Bosnian war.
He calls the claims "monstrous", and the court in The Hague has entered a not guilty plea on his behalf.
Prosecuting counsel Peter McCloskey said that the crimes at Srebrenica had never been in dispute so the prosecution's focus would be on individual criminal responsibility.
He said that the Bosnian Serb Army was not an "army out of control" and that Gen Mladic had been on the ground and in command.
The Srebrenica massacre was the worst atrocity in Europe since the end of World War II.
Serb fighters overran the enclave in eastern Bosnia - supposedly under the protection of Dutch UN peacekeepers. Bosniak (Bosnian Muslim) men and boys were separated off, shot dead and bulldozed into mass graves - later to be dug up and reburied in more remote spots.
Gen Mladic is also charged in connection with the 44-month siege of Sarajevo during which more than 10,000 people died.
Source: http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-18099008
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